Osteochondrosis is a disease in which degenerative-dystrophic processes occur in the tissues of the spine.The defeat of intervertebral discs, joint surfaces adapted to them develop, vertebrate bodies, ligametramens.Initially, in the beginning, with osteochondrose, pathological changes occur in bones and ligaments.Moreover, a person is affected to the beginning of the disease only when it starts suffering from complications of such condition - back pain, weakened sensitivity, muscle atrophy, injured interior.
This disease is widespread among modern people: According to different sources, up to 90% of the world's population suffers from osteochondrose.Basically, the disease affects people who have been for 30 years.To date, lumbar osteochondrose (approximately half of the cases) has been most often discovered.
Stageochondrose phases
The disease develops in the person in phases.In the first phase of the disease advancement, the process of dehydration of pulposis nucleus begins.As a result, the amount of reduction in the disk is reduced and cracking cracks in the fibrous ring.However, pathological changes do not occur outside the intervertebral disk.
In the second phase, there is a rapprochement of the two neighboring vertebral as a result of the drop in disk height, the point of fastening muscles and ligaments.Due to the crossing of ligaments and muscles, excessive mobility of vertebrae manifests, which causes the development of gardening instability and motor segment.In that period, the vertebrae can slide or move, while spondylolistz is formed.
The third phase in the development of osteochondrosis is characterized by pronounced morphological changes in interviolent discs.It comes into the formation of prolapse and disk protrusions, the subbrodure is developed in intervironmental compounds and the mouth spines.
When the fourth phase occurs, adaptive changes in the affected vertices are adhered to.In this case, the human body adapts to the excessive mobility of the vertebrae, prevailing it.Due to the immobilization of the spine, osteophytes appear - regional growth of bones on the neighboring surfaces of the vertebral body.Osteofit can injure a nerve spine.Gradually, fibrous changes occur in interfaced discs and joints.As a result, the type of shell is formed at the vertebrae segment, and the events gradually disappear.
Causes of osteochondrose
Experts express various assumptions in terms of reasons that contribute to the development of osteochondrose.Such reasons are called mechanical spine trauma, disorders in body metabolic processes, disease arrangement, which is inherited.But a clear cause of disease development is difficult to determine due to the prevalence of the disease.It is often found in young and older people;Physically strong and a little trained.
Sometimes you can hear the opinion that the symptoms of osteochondrose appear due to the salt deposit in human spine.Patients often talk about excreting salt if they hear creaking and crushing in the joints.In fact, the disease is developing due to damaged tissue diet.As a result, their structure gradually reborn.In bone and cartilage tissues, the recovery process is continuously operating.If a person has regular adequate physical activity, then the fabric becomes elastic.But in people who mainly lead a sitting lifestyle, such a fabric is less durable.
In addition, the cause of osteochondrose development can be excess weight, violation of position, negative environmental conditions, body characteristics during work, unevenly developed bone-muscular system, pregnancy, stress, hypothermia, infection.
Thus, the range of factors causing disease development is very wide.Features of blood flow and nutritional nutrition and bone tissue play a non-border role in this process.There are no vessels in the vertebrates of adults, therefore, oxygen and all necessary nutrients are obtained from neighboring tissues.Therefore, for normal spine nutrition, blood circulation is constantly activated in the surrounding tissues.You can accelerate this procedure by securing the active muscle function.
Symptoms of osteochondrose
Disease manifestations can be multiplied and directly depending on the development phase of the disease complies.The most pronounced symptoms of the disease are manifested when the pathological process spreads to the back of the fibrous rings and the rear longitudinal ligament.In the process of activating pathological process, the patient develops neurological syndrome of reflexes and compression.
Osteochondrosis can appear in various areas of the body, so the symptoms of the disease is very expanding.Osteochondrose can occur in the patient in limbs or stiffness, sometimes pain in chest, disorders of the function of genital organs and headaches.At the same time, the person does not even understand that the cause of such manifestations is osteochondrose.
If the patient develops osteochondrose of the thoracic spine, then the symptoms can be listed on heart disease manifestations: angina pectoris, myocardial infarction.That is why sometimes the wrong treatment is practiced, which leads to further advancement of osteochondrose.Therefore, if a person suspected of the development of this disease, a person should immediately address the doctor and go through the necessary studies.
Osteochondrosis is primarily manifested by pain and strong sense of uneasiness in the back.In some cases, the pain occurs periodically, unstable.It can disappear for a while.But for every person, the appearance of pain should be very disturbing symptom and a cause for concern.It is important to think and determine what exactly caused the pain.For example, it could be strong physical activity, the seriousness of the lift.
The next indicative symptom on which the osteochondrosis of the neck spine is manifested is a stiffness of the hands and legs, as well as pain in them.Similar symptoms are also characteristic of other types of osteochondrose.The most common pain is developed in the left leg or hand, sometimes gives heart, under the ribs.In the case of such symptoms, you do not need to rush for drinking medications from heart or other diseases immediately, but you should carefully listen to and evaluate the nature of pain, its changes depending on what a person is currently doing.All your observations should be detailed by the reputators of the doctor, after which the patient prescribes massage, gymnastics, another treatment is practiced.The appeal of experts in the early stages of the disease will ensure its more efficient treatment.
Therefore, most often patients who have been diagnosed with osteochondrosis complain about the feeling of discomfort in spine in different places, about the pain of different intensity and character.They have a higher level of fatigue, which is manifested in both physical and mental work.Sensitivity in different areas of the body can be disrupted, most often in the limbs.Patients can also mark cold in their hands and legs.The manifestation of the osteochondrose of the cervical region is often dizzy and headache.The sharpness of vision can be significantly reduced.
If the patient has a lumbar spine osteochondrose, the various disorders of the human reproductive system can occur.After the treatment of osteochondrose Lumbusacral department, men often record the improvement of potency.At the same time, if the osteochondrosis of the sacral spine is developed in a woman, then it can complicate the process of conception, as well as gestations.In addition to these symptoms, other events are possible with osteochondrose: muscular cramps, difficulties in motion, shooting, etc.
Osteochondrose diagnosis
The most important point in the process of a diagnosis of osteochondrosis is a collection of anamnesis, and the most important moment in this process is the patient's research, which should indicate all the doctors' complaints.If some symptoms of the disease determine the characteristic manifestations in osteochondros, and there are also many signs that it is important to distinguish from the manifestations of other diseases.The disorders of the functions of many organs, manifested in osteochondrose, are often similar to the symptoms of gastritis, angina pectoris, stomach ulcers.Therefore, each symptom in osteochondrosi is subjected to detailed studies and analysis.
During diagnosis, the doctor takes into account the patient's age, the development of symptoms.In order to clarify the diagnosis, additional methods are used to explore.Most often, radiological examination is done in this case.In order to determine the patient's condition, the spine radiography is performed.If there are more specific complaints, a radio that is practiced, aimed at the place of lesion.
The relatively complex diagnostic method is considered myelography.This review envisages the introduction of liquid contrast in the cerebrospinal channel.In this case, there is a risk of damage to the spinal cord, as well as the appearance of an allergic reaction.But at the same time, this method is considered informative if necessary to determine the presence of Dorsal Hernia.
In addition, the use of computer tomography is practiced, magnetic nuclear resonance.However, they are relatively expensive, therefore, are practiced mainly if necessary to implement a differential diagnosis, as well as determine the presence of the spine.
Healing osteochondrose
In order for the treatment of spinal osteochondrose to approach, it is necessary to ensure not only a precise diagnosis, but also an integrated approach to the problem.The doctor, as a rule, prescribes treatment methods, depending on which part of the spine is affected.The main methods of therapy for the cervical region, as well as thoracic regions and lumbar spine are massage, manual therapy, acupuncture, electrical stimulation, therapy gymnastics, vacuum therapy, towing, as well as other methods.Parallel treatment with folk drugs can also be exercised.
The doctor prescribes the treatment in such a way that the elimination of disruption of sick symptoms, as well as the causes that cause the spine pathology.Stop pain by applying physiotherapy methods, medications.Special exercises for osteochondrose of the spine are also practiced.
One of the main methods of treatment of osteochondrosis of spine and other diseases of the musculos and bone system is the use of physiotherapy exercises.Special rehabilitation equipment is used for this.With the help of regular execution of exercises individually selected by experts, you can improve blood circulation, activate metabolism.As a result, the power of interverters are improves, and the load on the spine is reduced.
The physiotherapy method includes an impact on the body of different physical factors.The use of low frequency current, magnetic field, laser, pain effectively facilitates, inflammation decreased, and parallel treatment of medicine is more efficient.With the help of a massage, you can alleviate tension and muscle, activate blood circulation.Manual therapy enables the relief of acute and constant chronic pain in the joints and spine, increase the strength of the movement, and also has a general positive effect on the body.Medium enlargement process is used to relieve strong pain.It is performed on special equipment.The process increases the intervertebral space, the shape of the spine is returned.Drug treatment is practiced mainly during aggravation.
But in most cases, even efficient treatment allows only the slowing for the disease to prevent the deterioration.You can fully recover only in the initial stage of osteochondrose.It is important to take into account that the duration of the treatment depends on how the disease has initiated, therapy methods, as well as how patient's patient meets all appointments and doctors' recommendations.As a rule, the period of active treatment lasts from one to three months.After surgery, a person is renewed about a year.If the conservative therapy does not bring the expected results, and there are special indications, and then the doctor prescribes surgical treatment.
Osteochondrose prevention
People who are already suffering from osteochondrose events should try not to overload the spine and minimize pressure in intervertebral discs.It is advisable to always try to keep your back evenly, to avoid your spine trauma.An important comfortable night sleep bed: You must choose an individual orthopedic mattress.You should not rise problems weigh more than 10 kg, and you have to sit in the beginning, take the item, then stand up with it.Women should not wear shoes with too high heels.In addition, people who complain about back pain should perform exercises every day that strengthen the muscular corset.It is recommended to deal with swimming if possible.